APSC Prelims and Mains Notes, APSC Test Series
The National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO), since its inception in 1950, does the measurement of employment/unemployment in India. The National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO) provides three different estimates of employment and unemployment based on different approaches used to classify an individual’s activity status. These are : Usual status approach with a reference period of 365 … Read more
SHAKTI: Coal linkage policy named SHAKTI or the Scheme to Harness and Allocate Koyla (Coal) Transparently in India. Salient Features of the policy This policy will award fuel supply agreements to coal plants already holding letters of assurance (LoAs). It is issued to new consumers on being approved by the appropriate authority, based on … Read more
. As of now Japan-India trade is a mere 5% of Japan-China trade. Today, India-Japan trade languishes at around $15 billion, a quarter of trade with China while Japan-China trade is around $300 billion. India is the largest recipient of Japanese foreign aid. Japanese have also made record investment in private equity and venture capital … Read more
India is one among the few countries in the world having government held stocks of grains, for the following reasons: Buffer for meeting natural calamities Price stabilization in case of crop failures; Providing food grains under public distribution system. The government has buffer stock norms for different months in a year. At present, the maximum … Read more
The 1991 is a hallmark year as it launched Indian into a new era of economic freedom. It majorly changed our economy from controlled to a free economy. One of the ingredient was tax reforms. The major changes one can observed in the tax system are as follows: Widening of tax bases both by addition … Read more
Foreign Trade Policy of India has always focused on substantially increasing the country’s share of global merchandise trade. Accordingly the Government of India has been taking various steps towards boosting its trade with the rest of the world by adopting policies and procedures which would help to increase and facilitate both exports and imports with … Read more
Poverty, low per capita income, under-development, unemployment, prompted the newly established Indian polity to adopt economic planning for the development of the country. The idea of economic planning can be traced to 1934, when M. Visvesverayya in his book ‘Planned Economy of India’, advocated for planning to increase the national income. It was taken up … Read more
Reform strategies include Alternative financing (user-fees, health insurance, community financing, private sector investment); Institutional management (autonomy to hospitals, monitoring and management by local government agencies, contracting); Public sector reforms (civil service reforms, capacity building, productivity improvement); and Collaboration with the private sector (public/private partnerships, joint ventures).
External commercial borrowing (ECB) is basically a loan availed by an Indian entity from a non-resident lender. They are used widely in India to facilitate access to foreign money by Indian corporations and PSUs (public sector undertakings). Most of these loans are provided by foreign commercial banks and other institutions. In the post reform period, … Read more
Unorganised sector: unorganised sector is defined as a production or service oriented enterprise owned by individuals or self employed workers (one who is not working for an employer and is engaged in an unorgnised sector job earning an income below a threshold or owning land below a notified limit) and if workers are employed, then … Read more