FAQs Polity of Assam
What is the political system of Assam?
Assam, like other states in India, follows a parliamentary system of government. It has a unicameral legislature, the Assam Legislative Assembly, with 126 members.
Who is the head of state and head of government in Assam?
The Governor is the constitutional head of state, appointed by the President of India. The Chief Minister is the head of government and leads the Council of Ministers.
How are elections conducted in Assam?
Elections to the Assam Legislative Assembly are held every five years based on universal adult franchise. The state is divided into 126 assembly constituencies, and voters elect one representative from each constituency.
What are the major political parties in Assam?
The major political parties in Assam include the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), Indian National Congress (INC), Asom Gana Parishad (AGP), All India United Democratic Front (AIUDF), and Bodoland People’s Front (BPF).
What is the role of the Assam Legislative Assembly?
The Assam Legislative Assembly is responsible for making laws for the state, approving the budget, and overseeing the functioning of the government.
How is the judiciary structured in Assam?
The judiciary in Assam is headed by the Gauhati High Court, which has jurisdiction over the entire state. There are also district and sessions courts at the lower level.
What are the special provisions for tribal areas in Assam?
The Sixth Schedule of the Indian Constitution provides for autonomous district councils in tribal areas of Assam, such as the Bodoland Territorial Region (BTR), Karbi Anglong, and Dima Hasao. These councils have certain legislative and administrative powers.
How does Assam participate in national politics?
Assam sends 14 members to the Lok Sabha (the lower house of the Indian Parliament) and 7 members to the Rajya Sabha (the upper house). The state’s representatives participate in national policy-making and legislative processes.
What are the major challenges facing the polity of Assam?
Some of the major challenges include:
Regional disparities: Uneven development across different regions of the state.
Ethnic conflicts: Historical tensions between different ethnic groups.
Illegal immigration: The issue of illegal immigration from Bangladesh has political and social implications.
Insurgency: Some parts of Assam have faced insurgency problems in the past, though the situation has improved significantly.
What initiatives are being taken to strengthen Assam’s polity?
The government is taking various initiatives to strengthen Assam’s polity, such as:
Promoting inclusive development: Focusing on equitable development across all regions and communities.
Peace-building efforts: Working towards resolving ethnic conflicts and promoting harmony.
Border management: Strengthening border security to curb illegal immigration.
Good governance: Improving transparency, accountability, and efficiency in governance.
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