DMPQ-State the major characteristics of Alluvial Soils. Mention the geographical distribution of it across India.

Major characteristics of Alluvial Soils are as follows:

They are immature and have weak profiles due to their recent origin.
Most of the soil is sandy and clayey soils are not uncommon.
They vary from loamy to sandy-loam in drier regions and clayey loam towards the delta.
Pebbly and gravelly soils are rare. Kankar (calcareous concretions) beds are present in some regions along the river terraces.
The soil is porous because of its loamy (equal proportion of sand and clay) nature.
Porosity and texture provide good drainage and other conditions favorable for agriculture.
These soils are constantly replenished by the recurrent floods.

Distribution of Alluvial Soils in India

They occur all along the Indo-Gangetic-Brahmaputra plains except in few places where the top layer is covered by desert sand.
They also occur in deltas of the Mahanadi, the Godavari, the Krishna, and the Cauvery, where they are called deltaic alluvium (coastal alluvium)
Some alluvial soils are found in the Narmada, Tapi valleys, and Northern parts of Gujarat.

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